First, we need to study the Chinese jade and jade culture in the road of Chinese cultural change.
To study Chinese jade and jade culture, jade and jade culture should be investigated in the whole of Chinese culture.
China's overall culture has undergone a historical change. Therefore, in order to place Chinese jade and jade culture in the overall study of Chinese culture, it is necessary to understand the changes in China's overall culture. At least, it is a general grasp. At the same time, it is a difficult question to understand and even grasp the overall Chinese culture. What should I do? I want to be able to understand the changes in Chinese thought and philosophy, and it is very likely to grasp the pulse of China's overall culture. Therefore, I suggest that friends who study jade and jade culture can read some works on the history of thought or philosophy.
I said at the opening ceremony of this annual meeting that the Eastern Zhou Dynasty is "the era of creating China's ideological and cultural foundations" and "formed the Chinese culture and spiritual civilization centered on Confucius and Laozi's thoughts. From then on, Chinese culture and spiritual civilization have been sublimated. A brand new stage. In this era, the words of the German philosopher Jaspers can be borrowed, called the 'axis of the axis'." The Eastern Zhou Dynasty can be called the "Axis Age" because this era has established the pillars of Confucius and Laozi's two cultures and ideas. Therefore, the Eastern Zhou Dynasty is called the "Axis Age", and because China's thoughts and culture have not stopped in this era, while emerging from the thoughts and culture of this era, emerged or new forms, or Both the new form and the new quality of thought and culture have some connection with the thought and culture of this era.
On the occasion of the Han Dynasty, Buddhism entered China. In response to the introduction of Buddhism into China, according to some thoughts of Laozi, respecting Laozi as the founder, China created Taoism. Buddhism entered China's initial stage, first spread in the lower classes of the society. In the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it squeezed into the upper echelons of Chinese society. In the Tang Dynasty, in order to adapt to China's water and soil, it absorbed the nutrients of Confucianism and Taoism and developed into Zen. At this point, Buddhism became Chinese Buddhism and became the third pillar supporting Chinese culture and ideological buildings. However, the collision and absorption between Chinese Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism and culture did not end there. Confucianism developed into a Zen sect in accordance with Buddhism. First, it was due to its own tradition. Second, it absorbed both Buddhism and Taoism, especially the nutrition of Zen thought and culture. The third was to integrate and innovate. In the Song Dynasty, it developed into Song and Ming dynasty. At this point, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism have become the tradition of Chinese thought and culture.
The history developed to the late Ming Dynasty. Since the European Jesuits were based in Macao, they entered the Chinese mainland to preach, first in the private sector, then into the upper echelons of society, until they became guests of the royal family. First, they imported Western science, technology, thought and culture into China. Second, it also spread China's science, technology, thought and culture to Europe, which opened the process of colliding with Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and Western thought and culture. The journey was rugged and dangerous, and the collision developed to the military. The Chinese were exhausted and even indemnified. The conclusion was that they had to learn from the West, from "Secondary for the body, Western learning for use" and "Shiyi Changji In order to control the situation, we must come to the conclusion of "republic." At this point, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism are in a "useful" position, and "Republican" has become the fourth pillar supporting Chinese culture and ideological buildings. The Revolution of 1911 overthrew the imperial system and realized the conditions for entering the "republic". However, after all, it did not go to the "republican" and engaged in a party-state system. In 1949, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people overthrew the party-state system established by the Kuomintang and established a country with Marxism and Mao Zedong Thought as the guiding ideology and the implementation of the people's democratic dictatorship led by the Communist Party of China or the dictatorship of the proletariat. At this point, Marxism and Mao Zedong Thought became the fifth pillar supporting the Chinese culture and ideological building. Although the time series is at the fifth place, it is the mainstream of the country's social thought and culture and the guiding ideology of the country's politics, economy, society and culture, in the position of the country and society, and Confucianism in the imperial empire state and society. Has become the theoretical basis of national thought. However, the "universal value" of "republic" or its variants is not willing to withdraw from the stage, and it is constantly surging in our society, challenging Marxism and Mao Zedong Thought, the theoretical and ideological basis of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
This is the road of thought and culture that China has experienced and is experiencing since the Spring and Autumn Period.
I am here to talk about the road of thought and culture that I have learned since the Spring and Autumn Period in China and that I have to go in the future. As I said at the beginning, I hope that my friends will study the study of jade and jade culture. Should this be the case in the overall academic environment of Chinese thought and culture studies? Please ask friends to consider.
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