Currently developed protective clothing can be divided into categories such as overcooling protection, bulletproof and mechanical protection, radiation prevention, anti-toxic substances, microbiological/bacterial protection, hazardous chemical protection, overheat protection and fire prevention.
1, cold protective clothing:
Over-cooled protective clothing requires high insulation, small size, good comfort, and sporty agility. Still air is a poor conductor of heat. In addition, the best insulation medium can also use fluff and goose feathers and other poultry feathers, or through natural animal simulations to increase the static insulation air content of various filled fibers or high lofts. In the market, Thinsulate and Albany International Primaloft of 3M, which uses a mixture of crude fibers, conventional fibers and fine fibers, absorbs less than 1% of their moisture, making them warmer than wet fluffy products. Good; a multi-layer synthetic garment designed by the United States Arthur D Little Company for use in the Antarctic, which used to be a polyester fleece underwear with a stem and hydrophobic finish, and the middle layer was a brush-like high-fluffy polyester fleece insulation layer. The layer is aramid knitted fabric with a waterproof, windproof, breathable PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) coating finish. However, such garments cannot be treated by ordinary ironing and ironing methods.
2, bullet-proof, mechanical damage prevention clothing:
This is a kind of body armor protective clothing, mainly used for bulletproof, cut-proof, anti-saw, anti-thin metal, glass, knife or other sharp edge objects. The replacement of Nylon by Kevlar was a major advance in this area. In the field of soft armor, aramid multilayer stacking can be used to provide further ballistic and stab-resistant protection. Currently, Allied's Spectra Shield uses Spectra's ultra-high strength polyethylene fiber to produce polyester composite panels that are 1/3 lighter than Kevlar's, and its 23-layer composite provides the same level of protection as 30-layer Kevlar composites. Spectra Shield can't use more than 200 degrees Fahrenheit, but the material's thermoformability is ideal and it can be made into various shapes. Anti-cutting and other mechanical protection products include protective gloves made of para-aramid, baffles, sleeves, and anti-saw-needle felts. The leg protector can be a needle-punched felt made of para-aramid or denier yarn and fiber, or a composite of needle felt and woven material, which can be entangled with the serrated teeth to stop it and prevent significant harm to the body.
3, radiation protective clothing:
Most garments can have a certain role in preventing and controlling the entry and isolation of foreign substances from the skin and harmful substances, but the protection against radiation requires a special copolymer coating, such as commonly used polyethylene coating Tyvek, used in nuclear plants, high voltage electricity In current or electronic equipment and X-ray environments. The Savannah River Site Plutonium plant in the United States uses this special protective clothing against Tritium. The garment is coated on both sides of polyester material. The coating material is CPE/EVA/PVDC(Saran)/EVA copolymer. Uniforms use non-fabricated Saran/CPE coating materials or inorganic cloth materials. Japan uses polyethylene-coated boron fiber to produce radiation protective clothing. It can also add a lead core to the fiber to increase the protection level for use in X-ray environments.
4, harmful particulate protective clothing:
This protective suit is used in protective clothing that works in lead, dust, spraying, or similar fields that design microscopic harmful substances. Such garments are usually made of non-manufactured materials, but also use woven polyester/cotton blends, cotton, or coating materials. . There are three main standard fabrics in the United States: uncoated Tyvek; Kimberly Clark's 3-layer spunbond-meltblown-spunbond Olefin fabric Kleen Guard; and hybrid non-manufactured materials such as spunbonded Olefins. These products are usually used at one time, and the main problem that currently exists is to improve the comfort of wearing so that the sweat emitted by the human body can be emitted through the clothing.
5, microbial / bacterial protective clothing:
Medical protective clothing is mainly used to protect against the transmission of life-threatening viruses. The composite copolymer coated woven fabrics and non-manufactured fabric protective materials can be used as protective clothing fabrics for medical personnel, emergency personnel and police personnel after antibacterial finishing. Dupont's Biowear material can be used for the protection of blood germs. The Japanese product Bactekiller (Kanebo) adds the bactericide to the spinning solution. The bactericide is mainly silicate, which will play a role when the outside is wet.
6, chemical protective clothing:
Protective clothing for chemical protection is divided into A_??D grades according to the degree of protection, A and provide the highest protection, the overall seal, contains respiratory equipment to prevent chemical gases and vapors; B and similar to the A level, for defense Poisonous chemicals are splashed, but not completely sealed; Class C provides protection against chemical splashes and may not have a respirator; Class D only provides less protection. Ordinary or coated Tyvek spunbond Olefin fabric is the most commonly used chemical protective clothing fabric, higher level of protection can be achieved by Tyvek coating Saranex23P, Saranex23P is Dow Chemical Factory product, is a multi-layer protective coating material, a The layer is a low density polyethylene with a copolymer of vinylidene chloride and a layer of vinyl acetate (EVA) bonded to Tyvek. In addition, some manufacturers have also developed polyester and Olefin spunbond or fleece non-manufactured fabric products for less than US$1,000. More durable garments are Nylon, polyester or nylon/polyester blends, coated with polymer Teflon PTFE (Dupont), butyl EDPM, Viton (Dupont), etc., and can be used as Class A protective clothing.
7, thermal protective clothing:
The development of new high-tech heat-resistant fibers such as Nomex, PBI, Kermel, P84, and pre-oxidized Pan fibers, as well as the development of fire-retarded cotton and blended fibers, provide a good basis for the production of such protective clothing. For firefighter suits, the outer layer is usually a Nomex, Kevlar, or Kevlar/PBI blended woven material with a density of 254.6g per square meter (7.5 ounces per square yard) of twill, providing primary fire protection and abrasion resistance. Under the outer layer is a PTFE-coated waterproof layer, waterproof entry and production of hot vapor inside the garment to prevent the generation of hot pressure; under the waterproof layer is a layer of lining to increase the static air content, improve thermal insulation, usually used The material is a Nomex needled felt or high loft material.
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